SPACE CALENDAR – SEPTEMBER

	USSR	September 21	1918	Born Yakov Isaevich Tregub - the first chief of the launch complex on Range Kapustin Yar, deputy chief designer by tests of space-rocket technics in NPO "Energia", general-major.
	USSR	September 21	1933	Issued Order of Revolutionary War Council of USSR #0113 about organization of Jet research Institute (RNII) on base of GDL and MosGIRD in Moscow. I.T.Kleymenovis is director of RNII, S.P.Korolev is the deputy director.
	Canada	September 21	1945	Born Tryggvason, Bjarni Valdimar - the astronaut of Canada, he made 1 space mission in 1997.
	USA	September 21	1955	Born Hieb, Richard James - the astronaut of USA, he made 3 space missions in 1991, 1992 and 1994.
	USSR	September 21	1968	Conducted the launch of "Zond-5" the first pilotless spacecraft for flying around the Moon, it returned on the Earth successfully.
	USSR	September 21	1970	For the first time in a history conducted successful launch of round-trip apparatus of "Luna-16" probe from the Moon in an automatic mode and headed for the Earth.
	USSR	September 21	1974	Conducted the first test launch of "15Zh45"/RSD-10/SS-20 Mod 1/Saber ballistic missile - the complex "Pioneer".
	USSR	September 21	1981	Conducted the launch of "Oreol-3" scientific satellite under the joint Soviet-France program for realization of explorations of the upper atmosphere and auroras. The apparatus for satellite was made and developed in France.
	USA	September 22	1955	The tenth test launch of "Redstone" missile ended with accident.
	USSR	September 22	1960	Conducted the 13-th launch of "R-2A" the geophysical missile developed on base "R-2"/SS-2/Sibling under the scientific program. There were dogs on board.
	Japan	September 22	1969	The 4-th attempt of Japan to launch the first national satellite ended with accident of "L-4H-1"/"Lambda-4S" booster.
	USA	September 22	1983	Conducted the launch of "Galaxy-2" communication satellite appurtenant to the American company PanAmSat.
	Russia	September 22	1999	Conducted the 4-th launch of "Soyuz-U"/SL-4 the booster with "Ikar" the new boost block, in the framework of the joint Russian-French enterprise Starsem, 4 satellites of a system of personal satellite communication appurtenant to an international consortium Globalstar L.P. were put in orbit.
	USA	September 23	1944	Born Shriver, Loren James - the astronaut of USA, he made 3 space missions in 1985, 1990 and 1992.
	USSR	September 23	1958	The first test launch of "Vostok-L"/"Luna"/SL-3 the new booster ended with accident on 93-th second of flight. Planned the flight of the satellite of "E-1" series on the Moon.
	USA	September 23	1966	"Surveyor-2" satellite for testing landing on the Moon surface crashed by attempt of realization of soft landing on the Moon.
	USSR	September 23	1968	Conducted the launch of "Kosmos-243" satellite for study of methods remote probing of the Earth. For the first in world on the satellite realized the experiment by measurements of thermal radiation of the Earth and its atmosphere. "Zenith-2M/Gektor" photo spy satellite of third generation was used in the experiment.
	USSR	September 23	1969	The third attempt to deliver lunar soil to the Earth ended with accident of "D" boost block - 4-th stage of "Proton-K"/SL-12 booster. The vehicle of "E8-5" series remained on the near-earth orbitan with title "Kosmos-300".
	USSR	September 23	1974	For the first time in a history of cosmonautics realized automatic landing of the specialized re-entry capsule /weight 360 kg/ from "Salut-4" station in the given region.
		September 23	1997	Conducted launch of "FAISat-2V" the small American communication satellite as payload by "Kosmos-3M"/SL-8 Russian booster.
	USA	September 24	1930	Born Young, John Watts - the astronaut of USA, he made 5 space missions in 1965, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1981 and 1983. The first man in the world made 6 space flights. 11-th man on the Moon. He was the commander in the first flight of the Space Shuttle.
	USSR	September 24	1951	Conducted the second nuclear explosion by power about 50 kilotons.
	USSR	September 24	1962	Issued order about the beginning of flight tests of "N-1"/SL-15 booster in 1965.
	USA	September 24	1964	Conducted the first test launch of new solid-rocket ICBM "Minuteman-2".
	USSR	September 24	1970	The capsule of "Luna-16" probe returned on the Earth and delivered 150 grammes of lunar soil. For the first time realized an automatic delivery of a soil from other heavenly body to the Earth.
	USSR	September 24	1977	Conducted the launch of "Interkosmos-17" scientific satellite in the framework of international cooperation. The data about x-ray and ultra-violet spectra during a maximum of solar activity was got.
	USSR	September 24	1987	Launched cargo spacecraft "Progress-32" for the "Mir" orbital station supply.
	Germany	September 25	1944	Organized the first in the world "Command Navotna" battle part on Messerschmitt jet airplanes - Me262A-1.
	USSR	September 25	1949	Conducted the first test launch of "R-2E"/SS-2/Sibling experimental missile by design of S.P.Korolev with engine of V.P.Glushko.
	USSR	September 25	1956	At the meeting of leaders of the enterprise S.P.Korolev made the report about development of draft of the first in the world space satellite.
	USA	September 25	1957	The second test launch of ICBM "Atlas-A" ended with accident.
	USA	September 25	1960	The attempt of launch of satellite of "Pioneer" series for exploration of interplanetary space between orbits of the Earth and the Venus ended with accident of "Atlas-Able" booster.
	Japan	September 25	1970	The first test launch of "MU-4S" booster ended with accident. The "Tansei-1"(MS-T1) satellite for test secondary airborne systems of the missile was placed in the missile as payload.
	USSR	September 25	1979	Conducted the launch of "Kosmos-1887" satellite - 5-th specialized vehicle of "Bion" series for realization of biological experiments. "Inkubator-1" joint Soviet-Czechoslovak experiments were realized on board of satellite.
	USA	September 25	1992	Conducted the launch of "Mars Observer" probe under the program of the further research of the Mars with orbit of satellite. Program wasn't made, because the contact with satellite was lost for three days before arrival to planet.
	International	September 25	1995	The Contract of rent of Baikonur complex between Government of Russia and Government of Kazakhstan came into effect.
	Czechia	September 26	1948	Born Remek, Vladimir - the first astronaut of Czechia, he made 1 space mission in 1978.
	USA	September 26	1958	7-th launch of "Vanguard" booster ended with accident on the allotted work of second stage, planned launch of the scientific satellite with the same name.
	Japan	September 26	1966	The first attempt of Japan to launch the first national satellite ended with accident of "L-4H-1"/"Lambda-4S" booster.
	USSR	September 26	1974	Issued Order of the USSR Council of Ministers to put on service ICBM "UR-100U"/SS-11 Mod4/Sego.
	USSR	September 26	1983	There was a fire on the missile durig preparation for launch of the spacecraft of "Souz-T" series with crew of V.G.Titov and G.M.Strekalov. The spacecraft with cosmonauts took away from fiery booster on safe distance owing to closing by hand of system of automatic rescue. It made soft landing in 3 kms from launcher. This is unique case in the history of cosmonautics.
	Russia	September 26	1996	Conducted the launch of the second satellite of the fast and main connection of "Express" series, the vehicles of this series intend for replacement of outmoded communication satellites "Horizont".
	USA	September 26	1997	Conducted the 20-th launch of the Space Shuttle "Atlantis" - mission STS-86, the flight under the program "Mir-NASA 7". Replacement of astronaut M.Foale astronaut by D.A.Wolf for long flight. Russian astronaut V.G.Titov was in crew . For the first time exit realized from the Space Shuttle for work on outer face of "Mir"station. For the first time Russian astronaut V.G.Titov passed to outer space from American spacecraft.
	USSR	September 27	1918	Born Konstantin Vasil'evich Gerchik - the second chief of Baikonur cosmodrome from 1958 to 1961, commander of 50-th rocket army from 1971 to 1979, general-colonel.
	Romania	September 27	1952	Born Prunariu, Dumitru Dorin - the first astronaut of Romania, he made 1 space mission in 1981.
	USSR	September 27	1963	Conducted the first test launch of ICBM "P-9A"/SS-8/Sasin from "Desna-V" battle mine starting device.
	USSR	September 27	1967	The launch of the second model of satellite of "Tsiklon" navigational-connected system for Navy ended with accident of the booster "Kosmos-3M"/SL-8.
	USSR	September 27	1973	Conducted the launch of "Soyuz-12" astronaut-inhabited spacecraft under the program of test in piloted mode of the improved "Soyuz" spacecraft with crew of V.G.Lazarev and O.G.Makarov. The life-support system took a place of the third cosmonaut. During the flight depressurization of the spacecraft was realized specially.
	USSR	September 27	1985	Conducted the launch of "Kosmos-1686" satellite - pilotless spacecraft of "TKS-M" series. In the program of flight of the spacecraft included delivery of various freights to "Salyut-7" and long work in structure of station.
	USSR	September 27	1990	Launched cargo spacecraft "Progress M-5" for "Mir" station supply. Recoverable the ballistic capsule (RBC) has launched in flight for the first time on board of cargo spacecraft. RBC can to deliver to the Earth until 150 kg of payload.
	International	September 27	1996	The joint French-Russian company "Starsem" was registered.
	USA	September 27	1997	A connection with "Mars Pathfinder" probe was lost at the 83-th Mars day after landing. By this interplanetary probe the "Sojourner" rover was delivered to the planet's surface. This rover worked 7 Mars days.
	Russia	September 28	1902	Born Vladimir Mikhailovich Myasishev - eminent aircraft designer, general-major, the chief designer from 1942 to 1945, later general designer of airplant ¹23 (nowadays - Khrunichev GKNPTs).
	USSR	September 28	1940	Born Aleksander Sergeevich Ivanchenkov - the pilot- cosmonaut of USSR, he made 2 space missions in 1978 and 1982.
	USSR	September 28	1963	The first test launch of ICBM "R-36"/SS-9 Mod 1/Scarp of the second generation ended with accident.
	USSR	September 28	1964	Issued order of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and Soviet of Ministers about development of "D-9" complex with ballistic rocket of submarine "RSM-40"/R-29/SS-N-8 Mod 1/Sawfly for Navy.
	USSR	September 28	1967	The third test flight of spacecraft of "Zond" type of "L-1" complex ended with accident of the "Proton-K"/SL-12.
	USSR	September 28	1971	Conducted the launch of "Luna-19" satellite becoming the 6-th Soviet satellite of the Moon. Satellite measured a magnetic field of the Moon and transmitted the photos of the lunar surface to the Earth.
	USSR	September 28	1980	Launched cargo spacecraft "Progress 11" for "Salyut-6" station supply.
	USSR	September 28	1989	Conducted the launch of "Interkosmos-24" scientific satellite in the framework of international cooperation - for exploration of a nature of electromagnetic waves propagation in range especially low frequencies in a magnetosphere of the Earth, and also their interaction with charged particles of radiation zones.
	Russia	September 29	1817	Born Aleksandr Vasil'evich Sukhov-Kobilin - the writer, philosopher, one of the founders of Russian Utopian cosmonautics.
	USA	September 29	1942	Born Nelson, Clarence William, Jr. - astronaut of USA, he made 1 space mission in 1986.
	USA	September 29	1956	Born Halsell, James Donald, Jr. -astronaut of USA, he made 5 space missions in 1994, 1995, two in 1997, 2000.
	USA	September 29	1962	Launched "Alouette-1" scientific satellite - the first Canadian satellite. Canada became the 4-th country having own satellite.
	USSR	September 29	1975	Conducted the launch of "Kosmos-772" satellite - the second test unpiloted flight of "Soyuz-T"/7K-S piloted spacecraft.
	USSR	September 29	1977	Conducted the launch of "Salute-6" orbital space station of second generation of "DOS-5" series with two docking devices. 5 main piloted expeditions and 11 expeditions of visit were conducted during operation of station from 1977 to 1982 on board, also "Salute-6" received 12 automatic cargo spacecrafts "Progress", 2 unpiloted spacecrafts "Soyuz" and 1 unpiloted spacecraft "TKS"/"Kosmos-1267". 2 piloted spacecrafts of "Soyuz" type could not dock to station for technical reasons.
	USSR	September 29	1979	Conducted the launch of "Vertikal'-8"/SL-8 geophysical missile for continuation of integration researches of short waves of radiation of corona. The capsule with scientific apparatus landed with use parachute system. The capsule created by the scientists of the socialist countries.
	USSR	September 29	1987	Conducted the launch of "Kosmos-1887" satellite - 8-th specialized vehicle of "Bion" series for realization of biological experiments. There were monkeys Drema and Yerosha and other biological objects on board.
	USA	September 29	1988	Conducted the 7-th launch of Space Shuttle "Discovery" - mission STS-26, the flight under the program of launch of "TDRS-C" satellite. This is the first flight of Space Shuttle after crash of the "Challenger" shuttle in January, 1986.
	International	September 29	1988	The intergovernmental agreement about creation of international space station was concluded between USA,Canada, Japan and ESA.
	USSR	September 30	1925	Born Arkadiy Il'ich Ostashev - the principal investigator of individual design office #1 of rockets and space-rocket complexes.
	USSR	September 30	1933	Conducted the flight of "USSR" the first Soviet stratosphere balloon "USSR" with crew of G.A.Prokof'ev commander, E.K.Birnbaum radio operator, K.Godunov pilot- design engineer. The stratosphere balloon mounted on an altitude of 19 kms in 4 hours. The time in flight was 8 hours and 15 minutes. The program of scientific experiments was made completely.
	USA	September 30	1946	Draysden Center was created.
	USA	September 30	1948	The 3-rd launch of "Bumper" high-altitude rocket under the scientific program ended with accident.
	France	September 30	1949	Born Tognini, Michel Ange Charles - the astronaut of France, he made 2 space missions in 1992 and 1999.
	International	September 30	1950	The first International congress by astronautics began work in Paris. Made a resolve about creation of International federation of astronautics (International Astronautical Federation, IAF).
	USSR	September 30	1956	Approved of the draft of "Ob'ekt D" satellite,becoming 3-rd Soviet satellite.
	USA	September 30	1977	The launch of "Intelsa-4AD" communication satellite of 4-th generation ended with accident of the booster "Atlas-Centaur".
	USSR	September 30	1981	Conducted the launch of "Kosmos-1312" satellite - the first successful launch of "Musson" new geodetic sattelite of second generation.
	USA	September 30	1994	Conducted the 8-th launch of Space Shuttle " Endeavour" - mission STS-68. This is the flight with SRL-2 space radar laboratory, assigned for testing of system all-weather radar sounding.