SPACE CALENDAR – AUGUST

	Russia	August 21	1904	Born Sergey Semenovich Birusov - Marshal, chief of Anti Aircraft Defense since 1955 to 1962, Chief of Rocket Strategic Forces from 1962 to 1963, Chief of USSR Army headquarters from 1963 to 1964.
	USSR	August 21	1957	3-d test launch of ICBM "R-7"/SS-6/Sapwood became first successful. Missile made flight on distance 6300 km.
	USA	August 21	1959	Unplanned work of emergency escape system while preparation to the first sub-borbital test launch of "Little Joe" booster with "Mercury" in 30 min before launch.
	USA	August 21	1965	Conducted launch of "Gemini-5", with crew G.Cooper and C.Conrad. astronauts established new world long duration flight record 7 days 22 hours 55 min 14 seconds.
	USA	August 21	1972	Conducted launch of "OAO-3" spacecraft scientific observatory.
	USSR	August 21	1981	Conducted launch of "Kosmos-1298" - 1st phto spy of 3-d generation "Yantar-4K2" with name "Kobalt".
	USSR	August 21	1989	Yury Pavlovich Semenov assigned as Director general of NPO Energiya now RSC Energiya.
	USSR	August 21	1991	Conducted launch of cargo space craft "Progress M-9" for Mir space station supply.
	Russia	August 21	1995	Opened 2-d Internatinal Aerspace Show MAKS-95 on the air field of LII named after Gromov in Zhukovksiy town.
	USA	August 22	1932	Born Carr, Gerald Paul - astronaut of the US, made 1 space mission in 1973.
	USA	August 22	1946	10-th launch of trophy rocket "A-4"/SS-1/Scunner ended with accident under science program.
	USA	August 22	1958	Attempt to launch in the 3-d time satellite "NOTS" from board of marine fighter F4D and small booster "Notsnic".
	USSR	August 22	1963	3-d launch of "DC-A1" spacecraft for studies of emission from nuclear explosions on high altitude, studies of artificial and natural radiation belts ended up with "Kosmos-2"/SL-7 booster.
	USA	August 22	1963	NASA test -pilot Walker, Joseph A made flight on the experimental jet aircraft X-15 on the altitude 107 960 meters.
	USSR	August 22	1964	Conducted launch of "Kosmos-41" - 2-d- spacecraft of inter regional communication of the 1-st generation of "Molniya-1" family, antenna array did not opened and satellite was not able to start its operation.
	USSR	August 22	1970	Launch of interplanetary probe of "4B-1" family with aim to reach surface of Venus ended up with accident of 4-th stage of "Molniya-M"/SL-6 booster. Spacecraft "Kosmos-359" stayed on near Earth orbit.
	USSR	August 22	1976	Descent capsule of interplanetary probe "Luna-24" made sofrt landing on Earth with 170,1 gramms of Moon soil. Finished 3-d travel on trajectory Earth-Moon-Earth.
	USA	August 22	1992	Launch of communication satellite "Galaxy-1R" of PanAmSat company ended up with accident "Atlas-1".
	Russia	August 23	1887	Born Fridrikh Arurovich Tcander - of the pioneers of rocket technology. Was organizer and Chief of GIRD group from 1931 to 1932 .
	Germany	August 23	1952	Born Flade, Klaus-Dietrich - German astronaut made 1 space mission in 1992.
	USA	August 23	1956	Born Wolf, David Alexander -astronaut of US, made 2 space missions in 1993 and 1997.
	USA	August 23	1961	Launch of "Ranger-1" first USA spacecraft for hard Moon landing and dynamics of flight for Earth-Moon trajectory ended up with "Atlas-Agena B".
	USA	August 23	1965	The calendar creator Kozyrev Andrey Anatol'yevich was born. E-mail: and-kozyrev@yandex.ru.
	USSR	August 23	1989	Launched cargo spacecraft "Progress M-1" for Mir space station supply.
	USA	August 23	2000	Conducted 3-d and 1-st successful launch of "Delta-3 booster with mock-up of payload.
	USA	August 24	1944	Born Jarvis, Gregory Bruce - astronaut of the US, passed away on the 28th January 1986, during "Challenger", mission STS-51L accident.
	USA	August 24	1946	Born Richards, Richard Noel - astronaut of the US, made 4 space missions in 1989, 1990, 1992 and 1994.
	USA	August 24	1949	Born Fisher past Tingle, Anna Lee - astronaut of the US, made 1 space flight in 1984.
	USA	August 24	1958	Launch of "Explorer-5" ended with accident of "Juno I" booster.
	ABCòPèÿ	August 24	1960	Born Fibeck, Franz - 1-st cosmonaut of Austria, made 1 space mission in 1991.
	USA	August 24	1960	Born Lindsey, Steven Wayne - astronaut of the US, made 2 space missions in 1997 and 1998.
	USA	August 24	1962	Born Weber, Mary Ellen - astronaut of the US, made 2 space missions in 1995 and 2000.
	USSR	August 24	1964	Born Salizhan Shakirovich Sharipov - USSR Pilot-cosmonaut, made 1 space mission in 1998.
	USSR	August 24	1966	Conducted launch of "Luna-11" which became second satellite of the Moon, photographing of Moon surface was done.
	USSR	August 25	1957	Conducted 3-d launch of geophysical rocket "R-2A" developed on the base "R-2"/SS-2/Sibling under science program with two dogs Belka and Modnitca. Physiological data received.
	USA	August 25	1958	Conducted 4-th attempt to launch satellite "NOTS" from board of marine fighter F4D and small booster "Notsnic".
	USA	August 25	1961	Launch of "Explorer-13" spacecraft ended up with accident of "Scout X-1" booster.
	USSR	August 25	1962	Launch of first Venus spacecraft of "2MB-1" family with the aim of Venus landing probe delivery ended up with accident of acceleration stage "L" of "Molniya"/SL-6 booster. Spacecraft de-orbited on 28th of August.
	USA	August 25	1963	Conducted 1-st launch of new photo spy satellite KH-4A (Keyhole) of "Corona" family with 2 descent capsules..
	USA	August 25	1965	Launch of scientific observatory "OSO-C" for Solar research ended with accident "Delta-C".
	USA	August 25	1966	Conducted sub-orbital flight of "Apollo" spacecraft without Lunar module. Main engine and all systems of spacecraft were tested.
	USSR	August 25	1980	Conducted first fire test of liquid engine "RD-170", the most powerful liquid engine in the world designed for the 1-st stage of "Energiya"/SL-17 booster.
	Italy	August 25	1988	Formed Italian Space Agency - ASI.
	Russia	August 25	1994	Conducted launch of cargo spacecraft "Progress M-24" for Mir space station supply.
	Russia	August 25	1995	Opened monument to "Vostok"/SL-3 booster on the main square of RSC "Energiya ".
	France	August 26	1740	Born Joseph Montgolfier -French creator of air balloons.
	USSR	August 26	1919	Born Michail Vasil'evich Melnikov - designer of liquid engines. Deputy Chief of RSC "Energiya".
	USA	August 26	1932	Born Engle, Joe Henry - astronaut of the US, made 2 space missions in 1981 and 1985.
	USA	August 26	1942	Born Blaha, John Elmer - astronaut of the US, made 5 space missions - two in 1989 and 1991, 1993 è 1996.
	USSR	August 26	1946	By Order of Minister of Weaponary D.F. Ustinov ¹246 in SKB NII-88 department ¹3 created for design of ballistic missiles (now RSC "Energiya").
	USA	August 26	1958	Conducted 5-th unssescfull atempt to launch satellite "NOTS" with board of marine fighter F4D and small booster "Notsnic".
	USA	August 26	1959	Born Hire, Kathryn Patricia 'Kay' - astronaut of the US, made 1 space mission in 1998.
	USA	August 26	1966	Launch of spacecraft for studying of dynamics of spacecraft on geo-stationary orbit ended with accident of "Titan-3C" booster one geo-stationary orbit.
	USSR	August 26	1974	Conducted launch "Soyuz -15" under program of Second expedition to the space station "Salyut-3" with crew G.V. Sarafanov and L.S. Demin. Program of fight was not fulfilled crew was not able to dock with station.
	USSR	August 26	1978	Conducted launch "Soyuz-31", with 4-th visiting expedition to the space station "Salyut-6". Crew - V.F. Byykovskiy and S.Jahn.
	USA	August 26	1981	Interplanetary probe "Voyager-2" crossed surface of Saturn rings.
	Russia	August 26	1995	Issued order of the Government of the Russian Federation ¹829 "about measurers to provide development rocket complex "Angara". Prime contractor is defined space center named after M.V. Khrunichev.
	USSR	August 27	1927	Born Yury Nikolayevich Sergunin - 6-th Chief of cosmodrome Baikonur since 1978 up to 1983, Lt.General.
	USSR	August 27	1941	Born Yury Vasilevich Malyyshev - USSR Pilot-cosmonaut made 2 space missions in 1980 and 1984.
	USSR	August 27	1957	TASS announced launch of ICBM "R-7"/SS-6/Sapwood.
	USSR	August 27	1958	Conducted launch of geophysical rocket "R-5A"/SS-3/Shyster with 2 dogs onboard Belaya and Pestraya. First dogs successful returned from 452 km altitute with 7-24 g.
	USSR	August 27	1958	Born Sergei Konstantinovich Krikalev- USSR Pilot-cosmonaut, made 5 space missions in 1988, 1991, 1994, 1998 and 2000. First Russian cosmonaut flown on the USA Space Shuttle.
	USA	August 27	1962	Conducted launch of interplanetary probe "Mariner-2" - 1-st USA spacecraft flown by Venus.
	USA	August 27	1969	Launch of scientific "Pioneer-E" on geocentrical orbit ended with accident of "Delta-L" booster.
	USA	August 27	1985	Conducted 6-th launch of Space Shuttle "Discovery" - mission. Were inserted to orbit "Aussat-1", "ASC-1" and "Leasat-4" spacecrafts. "Leasat-3" was repaired.
	USSR	August 27	1987	Conducted 4-th launch of "BOr-5" trajectory in the framework of test of flight dynamics and thermal protection of Russian Space shuttle "Buran".
	International	August 27	1996	Signed agreement between Governments of Russian and Ukraine about cooperation in space research and peaceful use of outer space.
	USA	August 27	1998	First test launch of "Delta-3" booster with communication satellite "Galaxy-10" of PanAmSat company ended up with accident.
	USSR	August 28	1930	Born A.A. Borisenko - Director of ZEM (Plant of Experimental machinebuilding, 1 Vice-President of RSC Energiya.
	USSR	August 28	1951	Conducted 3-d altitude launch of rocket of "R-1B"/"B-1B"/SS-1a/Scunner family . Cabin -dogs Mishka and Chizhik died because flight cabin de-pressurized.
	USA	August 28	1958	Conducted 6-th unsuccessful attempt to launch satellite "NOTS" with board of marine fighter F4D with small "Notsnic" booster.
	USA	August 28	1958	Conducted 3-d test of ICBM "Atlas-B" with distance 300 miles.
	USA	August 28	1960	Born Chiap, Leroy - astronaut of the US, made 3 space missions in 1994, 1996 and 2000.
	USA	August 28	1963	Conducted first test launch of rocket "Little Joe-2" for emergence escape system of spacecraft "Apollo".
	USA	August 28	1964	Conducted launch of "Nimbus-1" spacecraft - first meteorological satellite of new generation.
	USSR	August 28	1964	Conducted launch of "Kosmos-44" - first meteorological satellite of "meteor" family of first generation.
	USSR	August 28	1968	Conducted launch of "Kosmos-238" - passive unmanned spacecraft "Soyuz" under program of test of systems of spacecraft.
	USSR	August 28	1980	Issued order of the Central Committee of the Communist party and USSR soviet of Ministers to put on duty Navy complex "D-11" with submarine ballistic missile "RSM-45"/P-31/SS-N-17/Snipe.
	USSR	August 28	1981	Conducted launch of geophysical rocket "Vertikal -9"/SL-8 for studies of UV Solar emissions. Descent capsule delivered data.
	USA	August 28	1985	7-th launch of photo spy satellite KH-11 (Keyhole) of 2-d generation with name "CRYSTAL" ended up with accident of "Titan-34D" booster.
	International	August 28	1992	Opened World Space Program.
	Russia	August 29	1827	First successful utilization of the rockets in the Ushganskom battle in the 2-d Russian Iranian war.
	Russia	August 29	1834	Beginning of test on the Neva river of the submarine designed by K.A. Shtilder with rockets .
	USSR	August 29	1923	Born Alexander Aleksandrovich Maximov - USSR Chief of Space means of Ministry of Defense since 1986 up to 1990, Colonel General.
	USA	August 29	1948	Born Walker, Charles David - astronaut of US, made 3 space missions one in 1984 and two in 1985.
	USSR	August 29	1949	Conducted test of the first nuclear bomb - "RDS -1".
	Canada	August 29	1959	Born Hadfield, Christopher Austin - Canadian astronaut, made 2 space missions in 1995 and 2001.
	USSR	August 29	1988	Conducted launch of "Soyuz ÒM-6" with 3-d international crew for Mir space station with crew. With Lyakhov V.A., Polyakov V.V. and 1 st Afganistan cosmonaut A.Ahad Mohmand.
	Russia	August 29	1991	Conducted launch from cosmodrome Baikonur "Vostok -2M"/SL-3 of second Indian remote sensing satellite "IRS-1B".
	Russia	August 29	1996	Conducted launch of "Interball-2" and "Magion-5" for solar-terrestrial interactions research. First Argentina sub-satellite was launched "Mu-Sat".
	USSR	August 30	1918	Born Sergei Aleksandrovich Afanasiyev Minister of Generla machinebuilding from 1965-1983 ãOä, Minister of heavy Machinebuilding since 1983 up to 1987.
	USA	August 30	1931	Born Swigert, John Leonard, Jr. - astronaut of the US, made 1 space mission in 1970.
	USSR	August 30	1946	Chief Designer for development of ballistic missile S.P. Korolyov assigned as head of 3-d department of SKB NII-88.
	USSR	August 30	1955	Issued Order of the Soviet of Ministers to start development first submarine ballistic missile "R-11ÔM"/SS-1B/Scud-A - on the base of military rocket "R-11"/SS-1B/Scud-A.
	USA	August 30	1955	9-th test launch of rocket "Redstone" ended up with accident.
	USA	August 30	1957	3-d test launch of missile "Thor" ended up with accident of the 93-d second of flight.
	USSR	August 30	1974	50-th launch of photo spy satellite of 1-st generation "Zenit-2M" with name "Gektor " ended up with accident "Voskhod "/SL-4.
	USSR	August 30	1977	Conducted launch with geophysical rocket "Vertikal' -5"/SL-8 for complex studies of UV Solar emissions. Descent probe delivered scientific data.
	USSR	August 30	1982	By accident of "Kosmos-3M"/SL-8 ended 31-st launch of military satellite "Strela -2", for military communications.
	USA	August 30	1983	Conducted 3-d launch of Space Shuttle "Challenger", mission STS-8. for the first time night landing and launch
	USA	August 30	1984	Conducted 1-st launch of Space Shuttle "Discovery" - STS-41D, sattelites "SBS-4/D", "Leasat-2" è "Telsat-3C were inserted to the orbit. Deployment of Solra array 31 meter length was tested.
	Russia	August 30	1991	Launch of 11 th of radio electronic reconnaissance "Tcelina -2" ended with accident "Zenit -2"/SL-16.
	USSR	August 31	1924	Born Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Kovtunenko -General Designer of NPO "Energiya".
	USSR	August 31	1945	Born Leonid Ivanovich Popov - USSR Pilot-cosmonaut, made 3 space missions in 1980, 1981 and 1982.
	USSR	August 31	1953	Born pavel Vladimirocivh Vinogradov - RF pilot-cosmonaut, made 1 psace mission in 1997.
	USSR	August 31	1957	Conducted 4-th launch of geophysical rocket "R-2A" developed on the base "R-2"/SS-2/Sibling under science program. With dogs Damka and Belka, physiological data received.
	USSR	August 31	1959	Launch of the rocket "R-12"/SS-4/Sandal - ended up with accident -first launch of rocket from shaft.
	Russia	August 31	1993	Opened first International Aerospace Show MAKS -93 on the air field of LII named after M.M. at Zhukovksiy town.
	Russia	August 31	1995	Conducted launch of 1-st Ukraine satellite "Okean-01" for studies of ocean, first Chilean sub-satellite "FASat-Alfa" was launched.
	Russia	August 31	1995	Issued order about Coordination council and order of Baikonur visits.